Rapport annwali dwar l-applikazzjoni tal-Karta

Objettiv tar-rapporti

Mill-2010 ’l hawn, il-Kummissjoni Ewropea ppubblikat rapport annwali dwar l-applikazzjoni tal-Karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali fl-UE.

Ir-rapport annwali jimmonitorja l-progress li sar fl-oqsma li jaqgħu taħt il-kompetenza tal-UE, filwaqt li juri kif il-Karta tqieset f’każijiet reali, b’mod partikolari meta tiġi proposta leġiżlazzjoni ġdida tal-UE.

Mill-2021, wara l-istrateġija biex tissaħħaħ l-applikazzjoni tal-Karta fl-UE, ir-rapport dwar il-Karta kull sena jiffoka fuq qasam tematiku differenti ta’ rilevanza strateġika rregolat mil-liġi tal-UE.

Ir-rapport annwali jipprovdi opportunità għal skambju annwali ta’ fehmiet mal-Parlament Ewropew u mal-Kunsill tal-UE.

Rapport tal-2021

Ir-rapport tal-2021 dwar l-applikazzjoni tal-Karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali fl-UE jsegwi l-approċċ tematiku l-ġdid imħabbar is-sena l-oħra mill-Kummissjoni Ewropea fl-istrateġija biex tissaħħaħ l-applikazzjoni tal-Karta tad-Drittijiet Fundamentali fl-UE. Ir-rapport tal-2021 jiffoka fuq l-aħjar prattiki tal-Istati Membri u l-isfidi li jiffaċċjaw fil-protezzjoni tad-drittijiet fundamentali fl-era diġitali.

Ħames oqsma ta’ politika ewlenin tar-rapport

L-indirizzar tal-isfidi tal-moderazzjoni online

It-tixrid ta’ kontenut illegali fuq l-internet huwa sfida għad-diskors demokratiku u għal għadd ta’ drittijiet fundamentali. F’Diċembru 2020, il-Kummissjoni pproponiet miżuri regolatorji biex tindirizza l-kontenut illegali filwaqt li tipproteġi d-drittijiet fundamentali permezz tal-Att dwar is-Servizzi Diġitali. Barra minn hekk, hija tippromwovi miżuri volontarji permezz tal-Kodiċi dwar il-ġlieda kontra d-diskors ta’ mibegħda illegali online. Fid-9 ta’ Diċembru, il-Kummissjoni pproponiet ukoll inizjattiva biex testendi l-lista ta’ reati tal-UE biex tinkludi diskors ta’ mibegħda u reati ta’ mibegħda.

Is-salvagwardja tad-drittijiet fundamentali fejn intużat l-intelliġenza artifiċjali

L-użu dejjem akbar ta’ sistemi ta’ intelliġenza artifiċjali jista’ jrendi benefiċċji kbar, iżda ċerti applikazzjonijiet huma kumplessi u opaki, li jistgħu jkunu ta’ sfida għall-konformità mad-drittijiet fundamentali jew għall-infurzar tagħhom. Ħafna Stati Membri żviluppaw strateġiji nazzjonali dwar l-intelliġenza artifiċjali biex jiżguraw it-trasparenza, it-traċċabbiltà u r-robustezza u jsibu modi effettivi biex jikkonformaw mad-drittijiet fundamentali. F’April 2021, il-Kummissjoni pproponiet att leġiżlattiv biex tiżgura li s-sistemi tal-intelliġenza artifiċjali li jippreżentaw riskju għoli għad-drittijiet fundamentali jiġu ttestjati u dokumentati kif xieraq.

L-indirizzar tad-distakk diġitali

Il-pandemija tal-COVID-19 għamlitha aktar diffiċli għal dawk mingħajr l-għarfien jew it-tagħmir meħtieġ biex jaċċessaw is-servizzi pubbliċi li huma offruti online. Ir-rapport juri kif l-Istati Membri u l-UE jaħdmu fuq approċċi differenti biex jiżguraw li ħadd ma jitħalla barra. Is-solidarjetà tibqa’ prinċipju ewlieni fl-indirizzar tad-distakk diġitali.

Il-protezzjoni ta’ persuni li jaħdmu permezz ta’ pjattaformi

Ix-xogħol fuq pjattaformi ħoloq opportunitajiet ekonomiċi ġodda għan-nies, in-negozji u l-konsumaturi. Madankollu, dan jippreżenta sfida lid-drittijiet u l-obbligi eżistenti relatati mal-liġi tax-xogħol u l-protezzjoni soċjali. Fit-8 ta’ Diċembru, il-Kummissjoni adottat inizjattiva leġiżlattiva biex ittejjeb il-kundizzjonijiet tax-xogħol tal-persuni li jaħdmu permezz ta’ pjattaformi diġitali tax-xogħol, filwaqt li tappoġġja t-tkabbir sostenibbli tal-pjattaformi diġitali tax-xogħol fl-Unjoni.

Is-superviżjoni tas-sorveljanza diġitali

Is-sorveljanza tista’ tkun leġittima, pereżempju biex tiżgura s-sigurtà u l-ġlieda kontra l-kriminalità, iżda mhux il-prattiki kollha huma ġġustifikati. F’dan il-kuntest, il-protezzjoni tad-data u l-privatezza mhumiex biss drittijiet fundamentali ewlenin iżda wkoll drittijiet “abilitanti” li jżidu l-protezzjoni ta’ drittijiet fundamentali oħra, li jistgħu jiġu affettwati mis-sorveljanza.

Ir-rapport tal-2021 dwar l-applikazzjoni tal-Karta tad-drittijiet fundamentali tal-UE

Rapporti preċedenti

Fl-2020 ma kien hemm l-ebda rapport dwar il-Karta dwar is-sena 2019 hekk kif il-Kummissjoni adottat l-istrateġija tagħha biex issaħħaħ l-applikazzjoni tal-Karta fl-UE.

2023 Report

Read the 2023 report

Effective legal protection and access to justice constitute an area of strategic relevance addressed in the 2023 Annual report on the application of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, in line with the thematic approach announced by the European Commission in the 2020 Strategy to strengthen the application of the Charter of Fundamental Rights in the EU. The 2023 Charter report provides a fundamental rights perspective on access to justice for all through judicial and non-judicial remedies, by giving an overview of the relevant EU legislation and of the recent developments (2020-2023).

Four areas of the report

EU law on effective legal protection and access to justice

To enable everyone to seek and obtain a just resolution of legal problems through legal and justice services, the EU has developed a comprehensive legal framework, which contains remedies for breaches of the related EU law. This is supplemented by several EU instruments establishing minimum standards on effective legal protection and access to justice. The scope of relevant EU policies ranges from digitalisation efforts to protecting victims of crime or discrimination, strengthening consumers’ rights, safeguarding the rights of suspects or accused persons in criminal proceedings, to fields such as environmental protection, online content regulation and data protection.

Measures taken by Member States to provide for effective legal protection

EU law can benefit people’s daily lives in a range of situations by strengthening their effective legal protection and access to justice in conjunction with national rules. The report provides a snapshot of the achievements and challenges Member States have encountered in providing sufficient remedies to ensure effective legal protection in the fields covered by EU law, as they are required to do under Article 19(1)TEU.

Provision of effective legal protection through courts

Acknowledging that judgments can make a significant contribution to the interpretation of EU and national law on effective legal protection and access to justice, the report gives an overview of relevant cases of the CJEU and national courts.

EU funding for effective legal protection

The active engagement of the Commission in ensuring the availability of effective legal protection also translates into support through funding aimed at building the capacity of judicial professionals, civil society organisations and other stakeholders to promote and protect EU values and apply the Charter in their daily work.

Read the 2023 report in all EU languages

Targeted consultations

The report relies on the Commission's and the FRA's qualitative assessment of the feedback from consultations, and of other sources. Input was provided by Member States, Charter Focal Points, international organisations, the European Network of National Human Rights Institutions (ENNHRI) and the European Network of Equality Bodies (Equinet) and their members. It is also based on the results of an online consultation of CSOs run through the Fundamental Rights Agency Civil Society Platform, as well as contributions for other Commission reports, such as the Rule of Law reports and the Justice Scoreboard.

2023 Report – FRA summary of civil society consultation on access to justice

2023 Report – input from Member States

Previous reports

In 2020 there was no Charter report on year 2019 as the Commission adopted its strategy to strengthen the application of the Charter in the EU.