Cilj poročil
Evropska komisija od leta 2010 objavlja letno poročilo o uporabi Listine EU o temeljnih pravicah v EU.
V letnem poročilu se spremlja napredek na področjih, na katerih ima EU pooblastila za ukrepanje, iz njega pa je razvidno, kako se Listina upošteva v konkretnih primerih, zlasti pri predlogih nove zakonodaje EU.
Od leta 2021 se poročilo o Listini v skladu s strategijo za okrepitev uporabe Listine v EU vsako leto osredotoča na drugo tematsko področje strateškega pomena, ki ga ureja pravo EU.
Letno poročilo je priložnost za letno izmenjavo mnenj z Evropskim parlamentom in Svetom EU.
Poročilo za leto 2021
Poročilo o uporabi Listine o temeljnih pravicah v EU za leto 2021 sledi novemu tematskemu pristopu, ki ga je Evropska komisija napovedala lani v strategiji za okrepitev uporabe Listine o temeljnih pravicah v EU. Poročilo za leto 2021 se osredotoča na najboljše prakse držav članic in izzive, s katerimi se soočajo pri varstvu temeljnih pravic v digitalni dobi.
Pet ključnih področij politike iz poročila
Reševanje izzivov moderiranja na spletu
Širjenje nezakonitih vsebin na internetu je izziv za demokratično razpravo in številne temeljne pravice. Komisija je decembra 2020 predlagala regulativne ukrepe za obravnavanje nezakonitih vsebin ob hkratnem varovanju temeljnih pravic z aktom o digitalnih storitvah. Poleg tega prek kodeksa za boj proti nezakonitemu sovražnemu govoru na spletu spodbuja prostovoljne ukrepe. Komisija je 9. decembra predlagala tudi pobudo za razširitev seznama kaznivih dejanj EU na sovražni govor in kazniva dejanja iz sovraštva.
Varovanje temeljnih pravic pri uporabi umetne inteligence
Vse večja uporaba sistemov umetne inteligence je lahko zelo koristna, vendar so nekatere aplikacije zapletene in nepregledne, kar je lahko izziv za spoštovanje temeljnih pravic ali za njihovo uveljavljanje. Številne države članice so razvile nacionalne strategije za umetno inteligenco, da bi zagotovile preglednost, sledljivost in trdnost ter našle učinkovite načine za spoštovanje temeljnih pravic. Komisija je aprila 2021 predlagalazakonodajni akt za zagotovitev, da so sistemi umetne inteligence, ki predstavljajo veliko tveganje za temeljne pravice, ustrezno preizkušeni in dokumentirani.
Odpravljanje digitalnega razkoraka
Pandemija COVID-19 je osebam brez potrebnega znanja ali opreme otežila dostop do javnih storitev, ki so na voljo na spletu. Iz poročila je razvidno, kako si države članice in EU na različne načine prizadevajo zagotoviti, da nihče ne bo zapostavljen. Solidarnost ostaja ključno načelo pri odpravljanju digitalnega razkoraka.
Zaščita ljudi, ki delajo prek platform
Platformno delo je ustvarilo nove gospodarske priložnosti za ljudi, podjetja in potrošnike. Vendar pa pomeni tudi izziv za obstoječe pravice in obveznosti, povezane z delovnim pravom in socialno zaščito. Komisija je 8. decembra sprejela zakonodajno pobudo za izboljšanje delovnih pogojev oseb, ki delajo prek digitalnih platform dela, hkrati pa je podprla trajnostno rast digitalnih platform dela v Uniji.
Nadzor digitalnega nadzora
Nadzor je lahko zakonit, na primer za zagotavljanje varnosti in boj proti kriminalu, vendar vse prakse niso upravičene. V zvezi s tem varstvo podatkov in zasebnost nista le ključni temeljni pravici, ampak tudi „omogočitveni“ pravici, ki krepita varstvo drugih temeljnih pravic, na katere lahko vpliva nadzor.
Poročilo o uporabi Listine EU o temeljnih pravicah za leto 2021
Prejšnja poročila
Leta 2020 ni bilo poročila o Listini za leto 2019, saj je Komisija sprejela strategijo za okrepitev uporabe Listine v EU.
- Letno poročilo o uporabi Listine za leto 2017
- Letno poročilo o uporabi Listine za leto 2016
- Letno poročilo o uporabi Listine za leto 2015
- Letno poročilo o uporabi Listine za leto 2014
- Letno poročilo o uporabi Listine za leto 2013
- Letno poročilo o uporabi Listine za leto 2012
- Letno poročilo o uporabi Listine za leto 2011
- Letno poročilo o uporabi Listine za leto 2010
2023 Report
Effective legal protection and access to justice constitute an area of strategic relevance addressed in the 2023 Annual report on the application of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, in line with the thematic approach announced by the European Commission in the 2020 Strategy to strengthen the application of the Charter of Fundamental Rights in the EU. The 2023 Charter report provides a fundamental rights perspective on access to justice for all through judicial and non-judicial remedies, by giving an overview of the relevant EU legislation and of the recent developments (2020-2023).
Four areas of the report
EU law on effective legal protection and access to justice
To enable everyone to seek and obtain a just resolution of legal problems through legal and justice services, the EU has developed a comprehensive legal framework, which contains remedies for breaches of the related EU law. This is supplemented by several EU instruments establishing minimum standards on effective legal protection and access to justice. The scope of relevant EU policies ranges from digitalisation efforts to protecting victims of crime or discrimination, strengthening consumers’ rights, safeguarding the rights of suspects or accused persons in criminal proceedings, to fields such as environmental protection, online content regulation and data protection.
Measures taken by Member States to provide for effective legal protection
EU law can benefit people’s daily lives in a range of situations by strengthening their effective legal protection and access to justice in conjunction with national rules. The report provides a snapshot of the achievements and challenges Member States have encountered in providing sufficient remedies to ensure effective legal protection in the fields covered by EU law, as they are required to do under Article 19(1)TEU.
Provision of effective legal protection through courts
Acknowledging that judgments can make a significant contribution to the interpretation of EU and national law on effective legal protection and access to justice, the report gives an overview of relevant cases of the CJEU and national courts.
EU funding for effective legal protection
The active engagement of the Commission in ensuring the availability of effective legal protection also translates into support through funding aimed at building the capacity of judicial professionals, civil society organisations and other stakeholders to promote and protect EU values and apply the Charter in their daily work.
Targeted consultations
The report relies on the Commission's and the FRA's qualitative assessment of the feedback from consultations, and of other sources. Input was provided by Member States, Charter Focal Points, international organisations, the European Network of National Human Rights Institutions (ENNHRI) and the European Network of Equality Bodies (Equinet) and their members. It is also based on the results of an online consultation of CSOs run through the Fundamental Rights Agency Civil Society Platform, as well as contributions for other Commission reports, such as the Rule of Law reports and the Justice Scoreboard.
2023 Report – FRA summary of civil society consultation on access to justice
Previous reports
In 2020 there was no Charter report on year 2019 as the Commission adopted its strategy to strengthen the application of the Charter in the EU.
- 2022 annual report on the application of the Charter
- 2021 annual report on the application of the Charter
- 2018 annual report on the application of the Charter
- 2017 annual report on the application of the Charter
- 2016 annual report on the application of the Charter
- 2015 annual report on the application of the Charter
- 2014 annual report on the application of the Charter
- 2013 annual report on the application of the Charter
- 2012 annual report on the application of the Charter
- 2011 annual report on the application of the Charter
- 2010 annual report on the application of the Charter